Speaking for the United States, any document or other exhibit is only admitted into evidence when a witness gets on the stand and testifies under oath as to what the document is. So if someone wants a court to believe that, say, a computer log is authentic, they have to produce a witness to testify about the authenticity. This is where anti tampering measures can be discussed, if relevant.

That witness is then subject to cross examination, which can reveal any holes or gaps. Cross examination can also be used to impeach the credibility of the witness themself.

Once an exhibit is admitted into evidence, the trier of fact, either a judge or jury, will assign a credibility level to it based on the sum total of evidence presented and their own common sense.

It sounds like she’s saying that regardless of how culpable she may have been, she should be covered by one of the sweetheart immunity deals that the feds made with Epstein.

For those who might not be familiar, the background still appears to be from the infamous police chase of OJ Simpson in a white Ford Bronco.

OJ Simpson was acquitted of murder after the LAPD bungled a bunch of evidence handling. Putting Obama in the place of Simpson and Trump in the place of LAPD is a massive racist dog whistle to a lot of people.

“minor attracted person”. It’s an attempt at a whitewash euphemism for pedophile.

What that actually looked like:

AIM 4-4-16.b.2-3

Follow RA instructions to the extent required. Communicate with ATC as soon as practical. ATC is not formally providing traffic separation service to you until you are back to following their instructions.

Always take any action needed to ensure the safety of flight, even if it’s against an RA.

AIM is not regulation, but it certainly reflects the FAA’s view of pilot training.

To be fair, the pilot was responding to Resolution Advisories from the peer to peer TCAS system. The Resolution Advisories are loud and intrusive, and they tell the pilots exactly how fast they need to climb out descend. FAA rules require pilots to obey the Resolution Advisories instead of ATC if there is a conflict.

1. Trump’s in the files, but they probably don’t have the stuff from the wildest conspiracy theories. So there’s going to be a let down no matter what.
2. There’s a lot of victims in those files who deserve some protection and privacy. Redactions take a lot of manpower, as we’ve seen with this 1000 agent effort. That manpower could be spent on going after live criminals.
3. Dems in the files too.

Justice should already have the answer to the first question. They tasked more than 1,000 FBI agents and analysts to go through 100,000 separate documents. This effort produced a single Excel spreadsheet that tabulates and cross references every mention of Donald Trump in the file set.

Of course, I don’t think they were so careful marking the personal identifying information of the Epstein victims for redaction. Or the graphic depictions of child sexual abuse. Allegedly none of these files have content warnings on the outside. So if anyone is opening them up it’s pure Russian roulette whether they’re hit in the eyes with CSAM or not.

One time I did this thing with an internal calibration program where the user had to type floats into a text box. I set it up so that every key stroke was validated so that the string in the box had to parse as a valid number within the assigned range at all intermediate steps.

Everyone hated that.

I think this is the thing where they tried to skip all the steps and just yank the visas outright with no investigation first. Then a federal judge shot that down in a couple of hours, because there are steps and process required by law.

So now they’re getting around to reading up on those steps and process, I guess.

I don’t know if you genuinely don’t know about Jefferson, or not.

Thomas Jefferson unquestionably owned slaves, and he fathered five children with one of his slaves*. He made his own Bible by cutting out the parts he didn’t like with scissors. So like all of them, he was full of his own crap.

*And he inherited her from his father in law, who was also her father. Meaning Sally Hemings was a half sister to Jefferson’s late wife. Jefferson likely started sexual relations with her when she was 14, and also probably started when they were in Paris. Legally, Hemings was not a slave in Paris at the time.

NCD is leaking again.

Pre-1950 US side by side with Russian Federation? What is this?

Sumo is really the ultimate fair sport. There are no weight classes. Very few rules (setting aside the unwritten Japanese cultural traditions).

Watching sumo, you quickly learn why every other fighting sport has weight classes.

This is based on my experience in the United States with employer-based group health insurance. Obamacare aka the Affordable Care Act required those types of insurers to cover more mental health services. As a result, they are keenly interested in funneling people into outpatient services instead of impatient, which is probably a good thing in the abstract.

Many of these employer-insurance people are on PPO-style plans, which are supposed to have big networks where you can see roughly any doctor you want, and don’t need a referral to go to a specialist. Those types of plans don’t have a lot of levers to influence the behavior of their insured clients to good health outcomes.

So that’s where the “depression questionnaire” comes in. The insurer can pay the primary care physician 15 or 30 dollars to ask a short series of easy questions to screen for a common behavioral health disorder that drives claims. Somebody published a paper that says that this short series of questions is effective at detecting depression (or whatever). Therefore, if we give everyone these questions, and get a few more people into outpatient therapy options than before, we’re both saving money and improving public health outcomes, right?

As a more concrete example for people out there. C is an example of a “high level” programming language. In C you might write a statement like “int x = 3;”.

“Assembly language” is a “human readable” representation of the instructions that are actually executed by your CPUs*. There is a different assembly language for each processor or processor family. Your desktop or laptop computer with an Intel or AMD chip, and in all likelihood execute the “x86_64” language. Meanwhile, your phone is probably on the “AArch64” language. An example of assembly language is “mov rax, #3”, which loads register rax with the value 3. Notice that we have dispensed with the niceties of variable names.

Assembly language is “assembled” into the “machine language.”. To do this, the “human readable” mnemonics like “mov” are replaced with numbers called opcodes. The sequence of opcodes and arguments, like the number 3, are called the “machine code”, because the CPU silicon can read those numbers from memory and follow the instructions with no additional translation steps*.

*Microcode throws a wrench here. Folks like Intel realized they could run things more efficiently if they translated each machine language instruction into simpler microcode instructions onboard the chip.

From his perspective, that makes a kind of sense. He can probably bill an extra fixed fee for a particular service code if he asks the questions. And the insurance company is willing to pay because they think I’d they get stuff treated earlier with cheaper methods, they save money in the long run.

In particular, I expect that the final report will contain a lot more analysis of FADEC telemetry from the FDR. That simply wasn’t analyzed in time for the preliminary report.

1. Wait for the final report on Air India before taking any regulatory decisions.
2. There’s no real technical limitation today on doing this to the safety-critical engineering standards that are demanded on the flight deck. The first CVRs were based on the old half inch tape technology, and they only recorded something like 20 minutes on a circular tape.
3. Wait for the final report first; but exactly what additional information do you hope to get off the video feed that won’t be on the CVR + FDR? I am skeptical that this accident will not be “solvable” from the information that is available.
4. If the regulators want to fight the pilot unions on this, they can. And they can probably win. Pilots don’t necessarily have a ton of leverage on this kind of issue.